Indications: local anesthesia by surface, infiltration, regional, epidural, and caudal routes; dental anesthesia.

Cautions: epilepsy, respiratory impairment, impaired cardiac conduction, bradycardia, severe shock; porphyria; myasthenia gravis; reduce dose in elderly or debilitated; resuscitative equipment should be available, hepatic impairment.

Contra-indications: hypovolaemia, complete heart block; do not use solutions containing adrenaline for anaesthesia in appendages.

Side Effects: CNS effects include confusion, respiratory depression and convulsions; hypotension and bradycardia (may lead to cardiac arrest); hypersensitivity reported.

Dose: adjusted according to the site of operation and response of the patient. By injection, max. dose 200 mg, or 500 mg with solutions which also contain adrenaline (epinephrine).

Max. dose of adrenaline (epinephrine) 500 mcg. Infiltration anesthesia, 0.25-0.5% with adrenaline (epinephrine) 1in 200, 000, using 2-50 ml of a 0.5% solution in minor surgery and up to 60 ml in more extensive surgery.

Nerve blocks, with adrenaline (epinephrine) 1 in 200, 000, 1% to a max. of 50 ml, 2% to a max. of 25ml.

Epidural and caudal block, with adrenaline (epinephrine) 1 in 200, 000, 1% to a max. of 50 ml, 2% to a max. of 25 ml. Surface anesthesia, usual strengths 2-4% Mouth, throat, and upper gastro-intestinal tract, max. 200 mg.

Dental procedures, adults, 100-200 mg lidocaine HC1. Children under 10 years, 20-40 mg lidocaine HC1.