Alum-adsorbed, inactivated hepatitis-B virus surface antigen (Hbs Ag) vaccine.

It is prepared biosynthetically using recombinant DNA technology. The vaccine is used in individuals at high risk of contracting hepatitis B. It takes up to 6 months for immunisation to confer adequate protection; the duration of immunity is thought to last for 3-5 years.

Side Effects: abdominal pain, gastrointestinal disturbance, musculoskeletal, joint pain and inflammation have been reported after hepatitis B vaccines. There may also be dizziness and sleep disturbance. Cardiovascular effects include occasional hypotension and, rarely, tachycardia. Other rare adverse effects include dysuria, visual disturbances, and earache.

Dose: adults and children over 12 years, by intramuscular injection, 3 doses of 1 ml, the second one month and the third 6 months after the first dose.

Child, birth to 12 years, 3 doses of 0.5 ml (10 mcg). For rapid immunization, third dose 2 months after first dose with booster at 12 months.

Infants born to HBs Ag-positive mothers, 3 doses of 0.5 ml (10 mcg), first dose at birth with antihepatitis B immunoglobulin injection (separate site).