Indications: calcium deficiency; hyperphosphataemia; cardiac resuscitation

Cautions: renal impairment; sarcoidosis; history of nephrolithiasis; avoid calcium chloride in respiratory acidosis or respiratory failure;

Contra-indications: conditions associated with hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria (e.g. some forms of malignant disease)

Side Effects: gastro-intestinal disturbances; bradycardia, arrhythmias; with injection, peripheral vasodilatation, fall in blood pressure, injection-site reactions.

Dose: according to the requirements of the patient. By slow intravenous injection, acute hypocalcaemia, calcium gluconate 1–2 g (Ca2+ 2.25–4.5 mmol); CHILD obtain paediatric advice.